Relating addition and subtraction and playing the game BUMP; counting down.

Students put all their addition and subtraction skills together to solve equations.

Under the common core, there are many ways to do subtraction—none of which involve borrowing and carrying.

Louis E. Raths, The Grade-Placement of Addition and Subtraction of Fractions, Educational Research Bulletin, Vol. 11, No. 2 (Jan. 20, 1932), pp. 29-38 ...

Michelle Stephan, Didem Akyuz, A Proposed Instructional Theory for Integer Addition and Subtraction, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, Vol. 43, No. 4 (July 2012), pp. 428-464 ...

In this KS2 Maths article you'll find out how to use mental methods when doing addition and subtraction in your head. We also have KS2 Maths videos, a quiz and lots of examples.