Simpson's paradox is viewed as one of a natural and coherent collection of association reversal phenomena that are of fundamental importance in statistical practice. Association reversal means that ...

Nonetheless, Simpson’s paradox does indeed seem to be playing some role in explaining that headline number. Women may earn 77% of what men make, but there are very few occupations that pay women ...

Simpson’s paradox is much easier to understand when illustrated with an example. Suppose an agency is running a campaign with click-through rate (CTR) as the main objective.

Conditional probabilities of the occurrence of Simpson's Paradox are also derived. If the observed cell proportions satisfy a Simpson reversal, the posterior probability that the population parameters ...